2015年湖北高考英語題型專練：省略和倒裝

湖北2015年高考英語題型專練：省略和倒裝

　　湖北高考網(wǎng)整理了2015年湖北高考英語題型專練，希望對大家有幫助。

　　考點一、狀語從句中的省略

　　(1) 當主句主語與從句主語相同(或從句主語為it)，并且從句謂語中含be動詞，常將從句主語和be動詞省略，構(gòu)成省略形式。

　　(2) as / than引導比較狀語從句時，從句通常使用省略形式。如：He earns less than his wife (does).

　　When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (2012安徽)

　　A. asking B. asked

　　C. having asked D. to be asked

　　解析：BWhen引導的狀語從句，When he was asked for his views about his teaching job。

　　考點二、動詞不定式的省略

　　(1)在主動語態(tài)中，感官動詞或使役動詞后接不定式作補足語時將不定式符號to省略。

　　【考例】

　　The director had her assistant _____ some hot dogs for the meeting.

　　A. picked up B. picks up

　　C. pick up D. picking up

　　解析： Chad是使役動詞，to。

　　(2) 在同一句話或同一情景對話中，當同一動作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時，可以只保留不定式符號to。

　　【考例】

　　The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _____. (2013課標1)

　　A. not to do B. not to

　　C. not do D. do not

　　解析：B “在路邊停車”這一動作前面已經(jīng)提到，：… but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.

　　[] 句式would have done sth, should have done sth, ought to have done sth, needn’t have done sth, used to be...等省略形式為 would have, should have, ought to have, needn’t have, used to be。要保留不定式后的have或be。如：

　　—Are you a sailor?

　　—No, but I used to be (a sailor).

　　so / not

　　英語中常用so / not等來代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容，I’m afraid / I hope / I think / I guess / I believe / I expect / I suppose等開頭的答語中，： if so / if not

　　【考例1】

　　—Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom?

　　—_____ Wait till you are old enough, dear. (2010全國I)

　　A. Will you? B. Why not?

　　C. I hope so. D. I’m afraid not.

　　解析： D： I don’t think so. = I think not. I don’t expect so. = I expect not. 2】

　　—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

　　—_____.

　　A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess

　　C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not

　　解析：DI guess not 中的not 并不是否定動詞guess的，，： (that) the boys are not doing a good job at all. ， I guess not“我不這么猜想”，“我想是的”或“我看他們干得不好”。

　　考點四、情景交際中的省略

　　在情景對話中，常常省略大家都知道的內(nèi)容或不會引起歧義的部分，只保留主干部分或關(guān)鍵詞。

　　【考例】

　　—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.

　　—Sure. _____. (2012四川)

　　A. I did B. I do C. I shall D. I will

　　解析：D。答語句意：當然，我會的。I will后面省略了come back again sometime。

　　倒裝

　　考點一、完全倒裝

　　(一)在here, there, now, then, away, down, in, up, off, out等副詞開頭的句子中(主語一般為名詞，be, come, go, run等)，

　　【考例】

　　Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____. (2009上海)

　　A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief

　　C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief

　　解析：D。句意：一聽到狗叫得厲害，小偷趕緊逃走了。副詞away位于句頭，使用完全倒裝。

　　(二) 地點狀語位于句首時，主語為名詞且謂語動詞為不及物動詞(如lie, stand, sit等)，常使用完全倒裝句式。

　　【考例】

　　At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _____, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　A. lies Chongqing

　　B. Chongqing lies

　　C. does lie Chongqing

　　D. does Chongqing lie

　　解析：A：At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. (2013遼寧)

　　A. they actually broke

　　B. do they actually break

　　C. did they actually break

　　D. they had actually broken

　　解析：C。at no time為否定詞語，因此主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：實際上他們從沒有打破游戲規(guī)則。處罰他們是不公平的。

　　(二)“only+狀語”位于句首時引起的部分倒裝

　　【考例】

　　Only with the greatest of luck _____ to escape from the rising flood waters. (2012上海)

　　A. managed she B. she managed

　　C. did she manage D. she did manage

　　解析：C。句意：她最終逃脫了上漲的洪水，只是因為運氣極佳。

　　(三) 在so…that句型中，如果so引導的部分位于句首，則主句要使用部分倒裝。

　　【考例】

　　So sudden _____ that the enemy had no time to escape.

　　A. did the attack B. the attack did

　　C. was the attack D. the attack was

　　解析：C。句意：這次襲擊非常突然以至于敵人沒有時間逃跑。sudden是形容詞，在句中作表語，故動詞應用was。

　　(四) as或though引導讓步狀語從句置于句首時引起的部分倒裝(although不能引導倒裝)。其倒裝句型是：表語(形容詞或單個名詞)/ 狀語 / 謂語中的行為動詞(動詞原形)+as / though+主語+…。

　　【考例】

　　Hot _____ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (2012陜西)

　　A. although B. as

　　C. while D. however

　　解析：BHot as the night air was盡管夜晚的空氣很熱。

　　(五) so / neither / nor位于句首表示前面所說的情況也適用于另一個人或物， so 用于肯定情況，neither / nor用于否定情況。其句型是： so / neither / nor+ / 系動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞+

　　【考例】

　　Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _____.

　　A. I was neither B. neither was I

　　C. I was either D. either was I

　　解析：B：

　　1】

　　The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor _____ it a thought.

　　A. does he even give B. he even gives

　　C. will he even give D. he will even give

　　解析：C2】

　　This is not my story, nor _____ the whole story. My story plays out differently.

　　A. is there B. there is

　　C. is it D. it is

　　解析：C。句中it代指前面的This，nor在句中表示連續(xù)的否定。

　　(2) neither…nor…連接并列成分，且neither和nor放于句首，前后都倒裝。連接并列主語時不倒裝。

　　Neither does he work hard, nor is he interested in math.

　　Neither he nor I am a student.

　　(3) 表示對對方所說的話加以肯定或贊同時，不用倒裝語序，意為“的確，真的”。如 ：

　　—John is very polite. 約翰很有禮貌。—So he is. 他確實如此。

　　(4) 當前面有兩個(或兩個以上)不同動作也適用于后者時，常用“so + it + be + with + sb”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　(六) hardly…when / no sooner…than / not until等連接復合句時，如果hardly, no sooner, not until放于句首，主句使用部分倒裝，從句不倒裝; not only…but also連接并列分句時，如果not only放于句首, 前一個分句使用部分倒裝，后一個分句不倒裝。

　　【考例1】

　　Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _____ having a holiday abroad.

　　A. he had considered B. had he considered

　　C. he considered D. did he consider

　　解析：DNot until位于句首時，2】

　　The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _____, but students became more interested in the lessons.

　　A. saved was teachers’ energy

　　B. was teachers’ energy saved

　　C. teachers’ energy was saved

　　D. was saved teachers’ energy

　　解析：Bnot only…but also…連接并列分句，not only

　　【考例3】

　　—Did Linda see the traffic accident?

　　—No, no sooner _____ than it happened.

　　A. had she gone B. she had gone

　　C. has she gone D. she has gone

　　解析：Ano sooner…than句型，no sooner位于句首時，： Outside the doctor’s clinic were 20 patients.

　　1. —How about going for a walk?

　　—_____ great. Let’s get going.

　　A. Sound B. Sounding C. To sound D. Sounds

　　2. —I didn’t go to the party yesterday.

　　—Oh, but you _____.

　　A. ought to B. should have C. must have D. should

　　3. — Can you still catch the last bus?

　　— I’m afraid _____. It left ten minutes ago.

　　A. so B. not to C. not D. that not

　　4. _____ word by word, needless to say, the passage will be difficult to understand.

　　A. If translating B. Having translated C. If translated D. To translate

　　5. I like this red bike better than that black one, but it costs almost twice _____.

　　A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many

　　6. He has been out of work for half a year. Do you know the difficulty he has _____ the family?

　　A. supported B. supporting C. to support D. support

　　7. It’s recommended that the plan he put forward _____ discussed at the next meeting.

　　A. be B. would be C. was D. must be

　　8. Mary opened the door. There _____ she had never seen before.

　　A. a boy did stand B. a boy stood C. did a boy stand D. stood a boy

　　9. Under the tree _____ of about ten, who was waiting for his mother to come back.

　　A. a boy sat B. did a boy sit C. sat a boy D. a boy did sit

　　10. I’m very sorry. _____ you are a vegetarian (吃素的人), I wouldn’t have cooked this pork for you.

　　A. Had I known B. Did I know C. I had known D. I knew

　　11. —Will Peter go to the party?

　　—If Mary doesn’t go, _____.

　　A. so will he B. neither will he C. neither he does D. so he will

　　12. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____ his aunt.

　　A. So it is B. So is it with C. So is it D. So it is with

　　13. Never in my life _____ such delicious food. Can you tell me how you cooked it?

　　A. I have had B. had I C. have I had D. I had

　　14. —May I have permission to leave the table?

　　—Not until _____ their food.

　　A. has everyone finished B. everyone has finished

　　C. will everyone finish D. everyone will finish

　　15. As far as I know, not only is he interested in science, but also _____ a gift for music.

　　A. has he B. does he have C. does have he D. he has

　　16. It’s years since we last saw each other. So much _____ that I can hardly recognize him.

　　A. has he changed B. he has changed C. he does change D. he changes

　　17. Only when you have learned a lesson from failure _____ greater progress.

　　A. can you make B. you can make C. you will make D. you make

　　18. _____, she couldn’t work out the maths problem. So she turned to her teacher for help.

　　A. Might she as try B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Try as she might

　　19. The customer said that no sooner _____ the computer than it stopped working.

　　A. he had started B. had he started C. has he started D. he started

　　20. No matter how _____ outside, he insisted on going to the railway station to meet his friend.

　　A. heavily was it raining B. it was raining heavily

　　C. heavily it was raining D. was it raining heavily

　　21. As far as we know, Tom spends at least as much time chatting on line as he _____ his homework.

　　A. does doing B. does C. doing D. does to do

　　22. I’m sorry I hurt you. I didn’t mean _____.

　　A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so

　　23. —Is Peter coming with us?

　　—I hope _____. He is really interesting.

　　A. that B. it C. not D. so

　　24. Hardly _____ our walk when it began to rain.

　　A. we began B. we had begun C. had we begun D. have we begun

　　25. Mr. Black was teaching math in a college last year and he still _____ now.

　　A. does B. do C. was D. is

　　參考答案及解析:

　　1-5 DBCCA 6-10 BADCA11-15 BDCBD 16-20 AADBC 21-25 ABDCD

　　1. D。句中省略主語。Sounds great.=It sounds great. 聽起來不錯。

　　2. B。根據(jù)上句可知是談?wù)撨^去的情況，故應該用“情態(tài)動詞+have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。句子采用省略形式“should have”。

　　3. C。英語中常用so / not等來代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容。I’m afraid not補全為：I’m afraid I can’t catch the last bus.

　　4. C。If translated= If it is translated. 當主句主語與狀語從句主語相同(或從句主語為it)，并且從句謂語中含be動詞，常將從句主語和be動詞省略。

　　5. A。補全句子為but it costs almost twice as much as that one. 句意為：比起那輛黑色自行車，我更喜歡這輛紅色的，但是這輛是那輛的兩倍價錢。

　　6. B。此題考查句式have difficulty (in) doing sth. 其中in可以省略。省略介詞in的?？季涫竭€有sb spend + 時間+(in) doing sth (某人花費時間做某事)。

　　7. A。虛擬語氣用在名詞性從句中，should可省略。根據(jù)句意應用被動語態(tài)。

　　8. D。由there開頭的句子中，常用完全倒裝。能用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的詞除了be外，還有appear, seem, remain, exist, lie, stand等。

　　9. C。作地點狀語的介詞短語置于句首時，句子常用完全倒裝形式。句意：在樹下坐著一個大約10歲的男孩。他在等他媽媽回來。

　　10. A。在虛擬語氣條件句中，若從句的謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞，可將if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主語之前，采取部分倒裝。句意：很抱歉。如果我當時知道你吃素的話，就不會煮豬肉給你吃了。

　　11. B。表示前面所說的否定的情況也適合于另一個人，用“nor/neither +助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 / 系動詞+主語”結(jié)構(gòu)。if引導的 條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。

　　12. D。當前面有兩個(或兩個以上)不同動作也適用于后者時，常用“so it be with sb”結(jié)構(gòu)。 句意：他叔叔是個工人，在一家工廠工作了十年多了。他嬸嬸也是如此。

　　13. C。表示否定意義的詞或詞組如never / seldom / not / little / nowhere / hardly / in no case / in no sense / by no means等開頭的句子，常用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我一輩子從未吃過這么美味的食品。你能告訴我你是怎么做的嗎?根據(jù)句意可知，應該用現(xiàn)在完成時。

　　14. B。not until 位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝語序，而until引導的句子不倒裝。until從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時。補全答語為Not until everyone has finished their food may you have permission to leave the table。

　　15. D。not only…but also…連接兩個分句，且not only位于句首時，not only后面的分句倒裝，but also后面的分句不倒裝。句意為：據(jù)我所知，他不僅對科學感興趣，而且對音樂也頗有天賦。

　　16. A。在“so…that…”結(jié)構(gòu)中，so及所修飾的部分置于句首時，主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們好多年沒見面了。他變化如此大以致我?guī)缀跽J不出來了。

　　17. A。only修飾狀語(副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等) 位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。句意為：只有當你從失敗中汲取教訓時，才能取得更大的進步。

　　18. D。as引導的讓步狀語從句置于句首時，一般采用部分倒裝。須將表語、狀語或動詞原形提前。句意：盡管她盡力了，可是她不能解出這道數(shù)學題。所以她去找老師幫忙。

　　19. B。hardly …when…或 no sooner…than….句型中，如果hardly, no sooner放于句首，前面主句使用部分倒裝，后面從句不倒裝。句意：那位顧客說他剛啟動這臺計算機，它就不運轉(zhuǎn)了。

　　20. C。however, no matter how 修飾形容詞或副詞時要前置，用以加強語氣，該讓步狀語從句的主謂不倒裝。句意為：不管外面下多大的雨，他也要堅持去火車站接朋友。又如：However hard the problem is, I am determined to work it out. 不管這道題有多難，我也決心將它算出來。

　　21. A。此題考查spend+時間+(in) doing sth.句式。does代替動詞spends。句意為“據(jù)我所知，湯姆花在上網(wǎng)聊天的時間至少和花在做作業(yè)上的時間一樣多。”

　　22. B。當同一動作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時，通常省略該動作而保留不定式符號to。補全為：I didn’t mean to hurt you. mean to do sth意為“打算做某事”，mean doing意為“意味著……”。句意：對不起，我弄傷了你。我不是故意的。

　　23. D。英語中常用so / not等來代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容。句意為：——彼得和我們一起去嗎?——我希望如此。他真的很有趣。

　　24. C。hardly…when句型中，如果hardly放于句首，主句使用部分倒裝，從句不倒裝。hardly后面一般用過去完成時。

　　25. D。句意：Mr. Black去年在一所大學教數(shù)學，他現(xiàn)在仍在教。 由題意及句中的still可知，Mr. Black現(xiàn)在仍在教書，應用現(xiàn)在進行時。為了避免重復，is后面省略了前面提到的相同部分。